Walk Two Moons Essays - Phoebe Buffay, Phoebe,

Walk Two Moons I would say definitely buy this book because if you don't, you're really missing something great. This book is about a girl named Sal (Salamanca Tree Hiddle) who misses her mother--her mom left one day for Idaho--and who also helps her friend, Phoebe Winterbottom, deal with her own mother leaving. Sal tells her grandparents all about Phoebe's story on their way to Idaho to see her mother and realises that her own story lies underneath Phoebe's. My favorite characters are Sal and her mom because Sal is a deep thinker and her mom seems very deep and as if she has a lot of inner problems. I loved the whole thing, except that some of the vocabulary is sort of weird--scads, caboodle, and wang-doodle--but in a way that added to Sal's personality. there's one line that made me cry, but I can't say because it would give away the ending. Book Reports

Absolute or Relative Truth

Absolute or Relative Truth Free Online Research Papers The question of right and wrong has been battled over for centuries. Many conservatives still believe that truth is absolute, while others disagree, saying that truth is relative. I believe that truth is absolute, and therefore, it is never right to do wrong. Socrates is questionably the greatest philosopher of all time. He preached out against immorality and many other evils. He spent his whole life teaching other people how to be good and moral. In the â€Å"Crito† he is imprisoned and awaiting his death sentence for misleading the youth, of which he has been wrongly accused. Crito, his friend, comes to visit him in jail and they have a long conversation, which is the â€Å"Crito.† Socrates and his friend could have fairly easily broken out of the prison, because many of the guards looked up to Socrates and didn’t wish to see him killed. Socrates made the point that if he were to leave jail, he would be breaking the law. Even though he had been wrongly accused and sentenced to death for no reason, he couldn’t go against his own teachings, or else his whole life would have been in vain. He knew that if he didn’t escape, he would die and would orphan his two children, however no matter how much he loved them, he wouldn’t contradict his teaching by doing wrong. Even though Socrates wasn’t perfect, he would always make a conscious effort to do right. Breaking out of jail would be blatantly wrong, and he couldn’t bring himself to do it. Adolf Hitler is directly and indirectly responsible for more deaths than almost anyone in history. Over six million Jews alone were killed because of his death camps. In The Plot to Kill Hitler, a group of German officers and many others formed an underground society to try and kill Hitler. Most people would agree that what they were doing was okay because Hitler was such a bad man. Unfortunately, they were wrong. Murder is always wrong, no matter who is being killed. Right and wrong can not be distinguished through society’s perspective. Society tends to look at everything relative to it’s situation. When determining right and wrong we have to look to the absolute truth, not our personal feelings. Committing certain â€Å"wrong’s† may be accepted by society more than other wrong’s. If someone were to kill the President, people would be outraged and demand justice, but if someone were to kill a homeless person, many people could shrug it off with ou t so much as batting an eye. To me that is appalling, because both crimes are equally as wrong, but society thinks that some people have more of a right to live than others. To sum up all of the previous; many things that are wrong may not seem wrong, because society accepts them due to their relative view point. Murder is defined as the unlawful killing of a human being by another, especially with premeditated malice. If you look in any law book, it will tell you that murder is wrong. A quick peek at the Ten Commandments, found in Exodus, will tell that the absolute authority says that murder is wrong. If murder is breaking the law, and it is a sin, then how could it ever be right. Raskolnikov tried to justify it in his mind by saying that the old pawnbroker was nothing more than a noxious insect, but despite her vileness, she had just as much of a right to live as Raskolnikov did. If it wasn’t wrong for him to kill the old pawnbroker, than why would the police try to find the murderer. If it was okay for him to kill the pawnbroker, then obviously the police wouldn’t be trying to find him. Raskolnikov had no right to kill the old pawnbroker, much less her sister had done nothing wrong, and was nothing more than an innocent bystander who happen to come in at the wrong time. No matter how unrighteous a person seems to be, their death can never truly be justifiable. Murder is not the only action that is absolutely wrong. Spousal unfaithfulness is also definitely wrong. In Anna Karenina, Anna was married to Karin, but was swept off her feet by Count Vronsky. She obviously did not remember her vow of, â€Å"‘till death do us part.† Anna became so obsessed with Vronsky that she completely forget about her husband. Some people may say that she had a right to leave Karin because she was not receiving enough love from him, but they are looking at it from their relative position. To see the truth in this matter, we must go to the absolute. The Bible specifically addresses adultery as being wrong, and in many countries, is still punishable by death. No matter how much she loved Vronsky, or how much she hated Karin, that still can not justify an affair. â€Å"Right† is absolute, it does not falter from time to time, and it isn’t relative to anything. It is our true guideline for life. We just need to know where to find it. Socrates said it best when he said, â€Å"It is never right to do wrong.† Research Papers on Absolute or Relative TruthComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCapital PunishmentArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Book Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Hip-Hop is ArtThe Fifth HorsemanEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Ip1 managing high performance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ip1 managing high performance - Research Paper Example Therefore, supervisors have to interact with sub-ordinates to find out the best style of management to utilize for effectiveness. Some will need an authoritarian manager while others will perform adequately in a participative manner that guarantees the best result. Theory X can use in managing unskilled labor-force and large scale production. Theory Y is best suited for professional services as well as knowledge-based work, such as call center procedures (Winslow, 2009). Theory Y and democratic decision-making are at some degree comparable. The employees working under theory Y naturally merged their objectives to the organization’s objectives. Theory Y allows employees to participate in decision-making but leave management to implement decisions made. However, democratic decision-making is when an individual makes decisions without external influence. Employees’ performance and morale can improve if a manager understands the two theories. The manager can hence practice the excellent leadership style. As a result, he can advance the productivity of the organization (Drucker,

Attempts to Repeal the Laws of Supply and Demand - The Market Strikes Assignment

Attempts to Repeal the Laws of Supply and Demand - The Market Strikes Back - Assignment Example Ultimately, the demand-supply coordinates are violated, hence shifting the curve principles outside the principle factors. The free market prices are fixed by the demand-supply laws; however when the law is not adhered to then this leads to what is known as cost distortion. While governments would impose price controls or create policies that would create crushing relationship between supply and demand, this would artificially distract the market mechanism. Hence, the cost dilemma would alter the relevance of the commodities and may lead to specific losses and out- of-the- market experiences. The market’s response to this would be termed in a balanced experience. The price in such instance would not fall below a specific level, known as â€Å"Price Floor’ and an attempt to repeal this would constitute to ‘product vacuum’ and would create scarcity and eventually imbalances in demand-supply

Potential Short-Run Economic Impacts of the Recent Japanese Disaster Essay

Potential Short-Run Economic Impacts of the Recent Japanese Disaster on the Australian Economy - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that specifically, the study of microeconomics allow us to have better understanding about the movements of money from the local firms to household which often times is dictated by the movements of a curve in demand and supply of goods and services in domestic and global markets. Furthermore, the study of microeconomics allows us to reflect on interrelated between salary and wages, employment and unemployment rate, its potential effects on business performances, and the economy as a whole. Based on the Keynesian model, economic recession and contractions are usually caused by the presence of inadequate demand for Australian goods and services. In fact, the post-Keynesian economics proposed the theory of aggregate employment such that the distribution of income, economic growth and developments in trading practices are dictated by the demand-side curve, Although the post-Keynesian economic theory suggests that the market o f a competitive economy is dictated by the demand-side curve and will never attain or satisfy the idea of full employment, economists generally believe the presence of inadequate demand for goods and services can cause a serious market failure and economic problems. With this in mind, the presence of inadequate demand can result in the presence of high unemployment rate. The recent tsunami in Japan has to lead to a significant decrease in the demand for Australian coal and iron ore. The problem with a sudden decrease in demand for goods and services is that the business owners of local firms in Australia may simply lay-off some of its current employees.

Comparison of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Gender

Comparison of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Gender Nichelle Morgan Research Question: Does the physical and psychosocial effects of musculoskeletal disorders differ between both male and female computer workers employed at the UWI St. Augustine Republic Bank Branch, Trinidad? Introduction A musculoskeletal disorder is defined as injuries or disorders that affect the human bodys movement or musculoskeletal system, i.e. muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, discs, blood vessels, etc. (Middlesworth, 2015). They are one of the most common occupational disorders that occur to employees both in and out of the office. When a worker experiences a musculoskeletal disorder, it has an impact on the quantity and quality of the work that they perform. Not only do these disorders affect the health of the worker, but it also affects the productivity of the organization and furthermore the economy (Nunes, 2012). For this topic, there were very limited sources that discusses gender and its association with the development of musculoskeletal disorders. As there is very little focus on musculoskeletal disorders amongst computer workers in Trinidad, this study will seek to gain more information and a better understanding of the known and unknown causal factors of musculoskeletal disorders, how or why it may differ between genders and what methods can be implemented to reduce the risk of an employee developing these disorders in the future. Problem Statement As places of business become more dependent on technology, there has been the increase in the usage of desktop computers and laptops in the workforce. Therefore, this brings about one of the most common occupational health problems, i.e. musculoskeletal disorders. One of the many groups of workers who has experienced this occupational ailment are the employees that work with computers. This group mostly express concerns about pains in their necks, arms, and backs (Punnet, 1997). The age, gender and lifestyle choices of the individual are a few factors that contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. For Trinidad and Tobago, there is very limited research conducted on the effects of musculoskeletal disorders among computer workers. Considering the lack of information for this topic, it gives rise for further research to be done on this occupational disorder in Trinidad and Tobago. Aim The aim of this research question is to further examine the long term physical and psychosocial effects of musculoskeletal disorders amongst computer workers. Factors such as gender, age, exposure time to computers and lifestyle of the worker would be used as additional control measures in this study. Theoretical Perspective With regards to the possible causes and long term effects of musculoskeletal disorders at the workplace, there are four theories which aids in analysing these causal injuries. Kumar (2004, 2007) explains the four theories as follows: The Multivariate Interaction Theory encompasses all the factors [genetic, morphological, psychosocial, and biomechanical] that a biological entity uses while conducting work activities. The Differential Fatigue Theory speaks to the various and repetitive muscle movement in the body that occurs while the worker is performing various tasks. Each muscle would experience different levels of fatigue and this depends on the type of work being conducted and how much stress that the muscle is undergoing. Cumulative Load Theory where all the muscle pain or stresses are accumulated. These repetitive motions over time causes the muscles to become weak and in some cases even deformed. Overexertion Theory This is when the muscles become extremely overworked due to the amount of stress or pressure being placed on those muscles. The muscles would either experience pain all at once or the pain will accumulate over time. The Differential Fatigue Theory is best suited to the discussion of causes of musculoskeletal disorders and its short and long term effects amongst computer workers. The neck, shoulder, back and arm muscles of the worker all undergo different levels of stress every day. The different levels stress in these muscles leads to the worker experiencing different types of pain while doing their job and even out of the office. Research Question/Hypothesis To further examine the long term physical and psychosocial effects of musculoskeletal disorders between male and female computer workers. Hypothesis: HO: There is no association with the length of computer usage and the development of musculoskeletal disorders between genders. HA: There is an association with the length of computer usage and the development of musculoskeletal disorders between genders. Definition of key terms Visual Display Unit [VDU] another term used to describe a computer monitor. A large projector can also be considered a VDU (TechTerms). Video Display Terminal [VDT] a computer terminal consisting of a screen on which data or graphics can be displayed (The Free Dictionary). Carpal Tunnel Syndrome [CTS] this is when there is pressure on the median nerve of the wrist. When this pressure is continuous, the arm or hand of the individual experiences tingling, numbness and pain (Faust, 2016). Repetitive Strain Injury [RSI] this is where an individual experiences pain in the muscles, nerves, and tendons after doing an activity that involves repetitive action (NHS UK). Delimitations The focus group for this research are the bank employees at the Republic Bank Limited branch located in the University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus. Limitations The group selected for the questionnaire may be too small and not a large enough representation of all staff members at Republic Bank Limited, Trinidad. Literature Review Within the last century, the corporate workforce has increased exponentially and with this there is also the increase in the number of computers and the length of time that workers spend these devices in the workplace. Even though this machine is very helpful with everyday work tasks, its use over extended periods of time begins to have negative effects on the physical health of the worker. These physical health effects that a computer worker will most likely experience is referred to as musculoskeletal disorders. The parts of the body such as the arms, neck, shoulders and back are the main problem areas and contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (Eltayeb et.al 2007). In an article written by Tittiranonda et.al (1999), it was mentioned that in the United States there was an increase in the number of the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders in a ten-year period. The author also stated that the increase in cases involving musculoskeletal disorders is in conjunction with the increase of computer usage at the workplace. One of the most common musculoskeletal disorders that several computer users experience is carpal tunnel syndrome. This disorder affects the wrists and fingers of the worker, thus limiting the movement of the hands and the pain ranges from light to severe (Faust, 2016). The Mayo Clinic (2014) indicated that there was scientific research was done to verify the link between extended computer use and carpal tunnel syndrome but the evidence to support this statement is limited. Similarly, in his study Kryger et.al. (2003) spoke about repetitive stress injury [RSI] with regards to the pain that workers experience in their forearm and mentioned that there were inconsistent findings in a few studies which were conducted to find the association between computer use and forearm pain. Middlesworth (2015) divided the risk factors that contributes to musculoskeletal disorders into two categories, these are the Ergonomic and Individual risk factors. The Ergonomic risk factors consists of force, repetition, and posture, whereas the Individual risk factors are poor work practices, poor fitness, and poor health habits. For example, if the posture of the worker is poor throughout the entire workday, not only would it cause pain in the lower back, shoulders, and neck, but it would also lead to increased fatigue. Poor posture and the utilization of inadequate office equipment such as unsuitable computer chairs for extensive periods can also contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders. In terms of poor health habits and its relation to musculoskeletal disorders, it is not considered to be a major factor in the development of musculoskeletal disorders as there is very little research done to prove this as a fact. However, there is some correlation between poor fitness and the development of musculoskeletal disorders. For example, if an individual is not physically fit and is sitting at the desk most of the day, it heightens their chances of experiencing both muscle and joint pain. With regards to gender and musculoskeletal disorders, one report stated that there is no evidence to confirm that gender is a main factor in the development of this occupational disease (Petreanu, 2015). However, in another study conducted by de Zwart (1997) it was found that as both working males and females age, they are at a higher risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders at the workplace. In another article, Madeleine et.al (2013) carried out an experiment on the long-term pain complaints amongst Danish computer users which resulted in the women having higher reports of pain complaints than the men. Given the difference in opinions in the previous paragraph, this gives an indication that there is still more research to be done to find the association with gender and musculoskeletal disorder development. Trinidad and Tobago has many persons that are employed in the public sector and by carrying out a study in this area of occupational health, it would give some insight as to how musculoskeletal disorders affects the office worker and how we can reduce the number of cases of this occupational disease. Research Design/Method The quantitative design method would be used alongside with the true experimental design in this study. By pairing the quantitative method and the true experimental design, this would reduce the chances of bias during both pre-test and post-test stages. Sample Populations and Participants The population that this study will be sampling from are the employees of Republic Bank Limited in Trinidad that work with computers daily. The sample group will comprise of 100 employees that work with computers for more than six hours during the work day at the Republic Bank Limited, St Augustine Branch. The participants in this sample group were randomly chosen as this would allow for a fair distribution of participants to both the control group and the experimental group. Data Collection Instruments, Variables and Materials For this study, data would be collected by means of questionnaires and an experiment. The independent variable would be the exposure to computers during the work week [hours/week]. The dependent variables would be the musculoskeletal symptoms [back pains, neck pains, shoulder pains, arm, and wrist pains], gender, lifestyle and age of the employee. The questionnaire would consist of closed ended questions which would gather data from the employees such as lifestyle choices, health, workspace comfort, etc. To ensure that the participants respond to the questions, there would be two supervisors [a research team representative and a representative from the Human Resources Department] present while the employees take the allotted time to fill out the questionnaire. After all the questionnaires have been completed, they would be collected immediately and handed over to the research team representative. In terms of the experiment, it will be carried out at the workplace of the participants for a period of two months. In the first week, the experimental group [made up of 50 participants] would receive new ergonomically friendly computer desks and chairs, while the control group [also comprised of 50 participants] would be given a placebo. The employees would be required fill out a digital weekly log for eight working weeks to record whether there has been any decrease in muscle pains and at the end of each week the participants must submit these logs to the research team representative via the email address which was provided one day prior to the commencement of the experiment. Data Analysis Procedure As the research would be focusing on the length of computer usage and its association with the development of musculoskeletal disorders between men and women, the SPSS program was chosen to analyse the data. After the data from the questionnaires and the weekly logs have been gathered, the researchers would then go through a series of steps to ensured that the data is properly analysed. The first step is to code the data from the weekly logs [hours/week versus the musculoskeletal symptoms] and the questionnaires. Secondly, the data would be edited and then placed into a computerised system. The data would then be cleaned as this would remove any errors that may offset the results and finally, the data will be modified. Expected outcome The results from the statistical analysis should indicate that there is indeed an association with the exposure time of computers and the development of musculoskeletal disorders between male and female computer workers. Anticipated Ethical Issues This study is being conducted with human beings as the test subjects. To ensure that the ethical rules in research are not broken, the research team took measures to ensure that all the data that was gathered from the participants were to remain confidential and used only for research purposes. This would be done by having the participants signing two consent forms, one before filling out the questionnaires and the other on the morning of the experimental trial. Secondly, the head of the research team would meet the Human Resources manager of the Republic Bank Limited prior to the experimentation period to discuss the purpose of the study, why their establishment and the St. Augustine branch was chosen and how the data gathered from the employees was to be utilized. Preliminary Studies and Pilot Tests Before the research team carries out the experiment, a pilot test will be given to 40 employees at the Republic Bank Limited branch. The purpose of this pilot test is to give an assessment of the estimated cost to run the experiment, gives an idea of how feasible the study is going to be and may also predict any possible adverse events during the test period. Significance of study The study of musculoskeletal disorders and its effects on computer workers is of key importance as it allows for a deeper understanding of the causal factors of the disorder. It also brings about ways in which the computer workers themselves may have contributed to the development of musculoskeletal disorders in their bodies. The study may also bring about possible solutions for reducing the physical and psychosocial health effects of this occupational disease amongst the computer workers not only at the Republic Bank, but also all corporate businesses in Trinidad and Tobago. References Christensson, Per. VDU Definition. TechTerms. (November 6, 2009). Accessed January 3rd, 2017. http://techterms.com/definition/vdu. de Zwart, B., Broersen, J., Frings-Dresen, M. et al. Int Arch Occup Environ Health (1997) 70: 352. Accessed on January 8th, 2017. doi:10.1007/s004200050229. Eltayeb Shahla et.al. 2007. Prevalence of complaints of arm, neck and shoulder among computer office workers and psychometric evaluation of a risk factor questionnaire. http://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2474-8-68 Accessed on December 30th, 2016. Faust Katherine, Charles D. Jennings. Carpal Tunney Syndrome. 2016. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00005 Accessed on January 3rd, 2017. Kryger A.I. et.al. Does computer use pose an occupational hazard for forearm pain; from the NUDATA study. Occup Environ Med 2003;60:e14. Accessed on January 3rd, 2017. doi:10.1136/oem.60.11.e14. Kumar, Shrawan: Muscle Strength. Florida: CRC Press 2004.https://books.google.tt/books?id=IXRJ457fGp8Cpg=PA10lpg=PA10dq=differential+fatigue+theorysource=blots=6ZQ3rQg2Kjsig=1GtsSbEPM6fKvdB7LqBgHGyY8Hwhl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwic67C-h6XRAhVBLSYKHStyBwwQ6AEIKTAC#v=onepageq=differential%20fatigue%20theoryf=false Accessed on January 3rd, 2017. Kumar, Shrawan: Biomechanics in Ergonomics. Florida: CRC Press 2007. https://books.google.tt/books?id=gDbMBQAAQBAJpg=PA3lpg=PA3dq=Multivariate+Interaction+Theorysource=blots=q43xFPztEHsig=zFHmVwPfraPydVFtZgRF8YSyIX4hl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwjfkJTdo5_RAhUI6CYKHWoVDCYQ6AEIWTAJ#v=onepageq=Multivariate%20Interaction%20Theoryf=false Accessed on January 2nd, 2017. Madeleine, Pascal et.al. Computer work and self-reported variables on anthropometrics, computer usage, work ability, productivity, pain, and physical activity BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders201314:226. Accessed on December 8th, 2017. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-226. Mayo Clinic. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Risk Factors. 2014. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carpal-tunnel-syndrome/basics/risk-factors/con-20030332 Accessed on January 3rd, 2017. Middlesworth, Matt. The Definition and Causes of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Accessed on December 29th, 2016. http://ergo-plus.com/musculoskeletal-disorders-msd/ NHS UK. Repetitive Stress Injury. 2016. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Repetitive-strain-injury/Pages/Introduction.aspx Accessed on January 3rd, 2017. Nunes, Isabel L. and Pamela McCauley Bush (2012). Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Assessment and Prevention, Ergonomics A Systems Approach. Accessed on January 8th, 2017. DOI: 10.5772/37229. Petreanu Viorica and Aurelia-Mihaela Seracin. 2015. Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders development: hand-arm tasks, repetitive work. https://oshwiki.eu/wiki/Risk_factors_for_musculoskeletal_disorders_development:_hand-arm_tasks,_repetitive_work Accessed on January 8th, 2017. Punnet, Laura. Visual Display Unit Work and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders. 1997:16. https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/4159/1/ah1997_16.pdf Accessed on January 8th, 2017. Appendices Appendix 1: Questionnaire Good day participant, My name is Nichelle Morgan and I am a postgraduate student in the Chemistry Department of the University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus. As a requirement for one of my core courses, I have been asked to create a questionnaire which looks at musculoskeletal disorders and the physical and psychosocial effects that it has on computer workers. Once this questionnaire has been completed in its entirety, the responses will be used to further explore the known and unknown causal factors of this occupational disease. With regards to confidentiality, you will not be required to fill out your name or contact information on the questionnaire thus reassuring you that your responses will remain private. I appreciate you taking the time to participate in this study. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me via my email address [emailprotected] . Once again, I thank you for taking part in this study. Yours respectfully, Nichelle Morgan MSc. Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health, Department of Chemistry, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus. What is your gender? †¢ Male †¢Female Which age group do you belong to? †¢ 20-24 †¢ 25-29 †¢ 30-34 †¢ 35-39 †¢ 40-44 †¢ >45 What is your ethnic background? †¢ Afro-Trinidadian †¢ Indo- Trinidadian †¢ Chinese †¢ Syrian †¢ Mixed †¢ Other How often do you exercise? †¢ Once a month †¢ Twice a month †¢ 1-2 times a week †¢ Everyday †¢ Never How often do you purchase or consume fast food? †¢ Daily †¢ 1-3 times a week †¢ Twice a month †¢ Once a month †¢ Never How long have you been employed at Republic Bank? †¢ †¢ 5-9 years †¢ 10-14 years †¢ 15- 19 years †¢ >20 years Do you use computers daily at work? †¢ Yes †¢ No If you responded Yes to Question 7, how many hours do you use the computer? †¢ †¢ 4-6 hours †¢ 6-8 hours While working with the computer, how often do you take a short break (besides lunch hour)? †¢ Never †¢ Every 2 hours †¢ Every 4 hours †¢ Depends on the work load Do you experience any muscular pains while working? †¢ Yes †¢ No If you responded Yes to Question 10, which part of the body does this pain occur? †¢ Neck †¢ Shoulders †¢ Upper back †¢ Lower back †¢ Arms and Wrists †¢ Legs †¢ All the above How often do you experience these pains? †¢ Everyday †¢ Every other day †¢ 1-2 times a week †¢ Twice a month †¢ Once a month †¢ Never Select the pain intensity that you experience †¢ Mild †¢ Some Discomfort †¢ Very Uncomfortable †¢ Intense †¢ Unbearable At times does the pain cause you to stop working? †¢ Yes †¢ No Was there an occasion where you missed working day/working days because of the pain? †¢ Yes †¢ No If you responded Yes to Question 15, how many days were you absent from work? †¢ 1-2 days †¢ 3-5 days †¢ 2 weeks †¢ 1 month Is your office furniture (computer chair) comfortable? †¢ Yes †¢ No If your response to Question 17 is No, select the reason below †¢ Chair is not adjustable †¢ The seat of the chair is too hard †¢ The back of chair does not support your spine properly †¢ Not enough leg room below desk †¢ All the above Appendix 2: Budget The estimated cost of the equipment required to carry out this study is $110,000. The cost of the ergonomically friendly chairs for the experimental group is $63,646.65 and the cost of the placebo chairs for the control group is $36,478.15. The rest of the funds ($9,845.05) would be distributed to the 100 participants as a token of appreciation for taking part in this study. There was a signed agreement between the sponsor of the equipment where they arranged to cover 60% of the cost while the research team will cover the remainder 40%.

Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird :: Harper Lee Kill Mockingbird Essays

Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird is a highly regarded work of American fiction. The story of the novel teaches us many lessons that should last any reader for a lifetime. The messages that Harper Lee relays to the reader are exemplified throughout the book using various methods. One of the most important and significant methods was the use of symbols such as the mockingbird image. Another important method was showing the view through a growing child's (Scout Finch) mind, eyes, ears, and mouth. There is another very significant method that was used. In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee utilizes the effects of irony, sarcasm, and hypocrisy to criticize a variety of elements in Southern life. Harper Lee employs the effects of irony in To Kill a Mockingbird as a way to criticize the deficiency of public education. "Now tell your father not to teach you any more. It's best to begin reading with a fresh mind." (pG. 22) Instead of praising Scout's ability to read at an advanced level, Miss Caroline discourages it. This ironic example set by Miss Caroline seems to demonstrate the inadequate training that she had received for her occupation. Miss Caroline seems to have been instructed upon a strict standard on how her students are expected to behave, but when she encounters something different, such as Scout's advanced ability to read, she advises Scout to stop being advanced, whereas a modern-day schoolteacher would capitalize on Scout's ability to read and encourage her to read more. "You won't learn to write until you're in the third grade." (pg. 23) The strict, recipe-style, rubric method of teaching that Miss Caroline uses is once again emphasized here. Miss Caroline once again discourages Scout's advanced abilities and regards Scout's ability with contempt. "The Dewey Decimal System consisted, in part, of Miss Caroline waving cards at us which were printed 'the,' 'cat,' 'rat,' 'man,' and 'you.'" (pg. 23) The Dewey Teaching Method was supposed to place an emphasis on "active" learning, yet the irony in Miss Caroline's "use" of it was that her teaching method wasn't "active" at all. It was, in fact, extremely passive. The students in the class didn't do anything. They became extremely bored and learned very little. As I have established, the use of irony clearly reveals the deficiency of the public education system in the 1930's. Teachers did not seem to be trained enough to handle the vast abilities of their students.